Sewage treatment is the process of purifying sewage to meet the water quality requirements for discharge into a certain water body or reuse. Sewage treatment is widely used in various fields such as construction, agriculture, transportation, energy, petrochemical, environmental protection, urban landscape, medical treatment, catering, etc., and it has also increasingly entered the daily life of ordinary people. The topic of water pollution has been constantly raised, especially the problem of groundwater pollution. Farmers or entrepreneurs in Hangzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang and other provinces have funded the environmental protection director to swim in the river, so as to attract everyone’s attention to the severity of water pollution. The directors have chosen to silence or refuse, but the awakening of the public's environmental awareness and concerns about water pollution have reached unprecedented levels.

Penalty standards for excessive discharge of sewage

(1) If the ph value is greater than 5 or less than 6 or greater than 9 or less than 10, the temperature is greater than 35 degrees and less than 40 degrees, and the degree of other items exceeding the standard is less than 10%, the rectification shall be ordered within a time limit. Article 24 of the Administrative Measures stipulates a fine of 10,000 yuan.

(2) If the ph value is less than or equal to 5 or greater than or equal to 10, the temperature is greater than or equal to 40 degrees, and the degree of other items exceeding the standard exceeds 10%, the rectification shall be ordered within a time limit; the amount of the fine shall be determined by the base of the fine exceeding the standard multiplied by the sewage discharge coefficient, but the maximum fine No more than 30,000 yuan. The table of the fine base and the coefficient of sewage discharge for exceeding the standard is attached.

(3) If two or more projects in the same drainage household exceed the standard at the same time, and all of them do not reach the standard exceeding the standard stipulated in the Table of Fines Base and Sewage Discharge Coefficient for Exceeding Standards, they shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; the amount of fines shall be multiplied by 10,000 yuan as the base The coefficient of sewage discharge is determined.

(4) In one of the following situations, the penalties for revoking the "drainage permit" may be given in accordance with the provisions of Article 59 of the "Administrative Regulations on Municipal Facilities in Hangzhou", and ordered to block the drainage outlet to stop the discharge within 7 days, and not to block the drainage within the time limit. Or continue to discharge the pollutants, the leading group for the special rectification of pollutants shall submit to the environmental protection, industry and commerce departments to deal with them according to law, and take mandatory plugging measures:

1. Those who have been fined more than 2 times and still failed to make corrections;

2. Exceeding the standard of pollution discharge reaches the level of 3 or above, can be rectified according to the requirements of the regulations and refuse to rectify or rectify is not in place, and the warning is invalid;

3. If the situation of other over-standard discharge is serious, the penalty of revoking the "Drainage License" shall be given.

What is the development trend of the sewage treatment industry

According to statistics, the annual national sewage discharge is about 35 billion cubic meters, but the centralized treatment rate of urban sewage is only 15%. More than 80% of the urban sewage in the country is directly discharged into nearby water bodies without any effective collection and treatment, making the original The river channels that discharge and beautify the landscape become natural sewers. Especially in the 2,200 county towns and 19,200 established towns in the country, the sewage discharge accounts for more than half of the total sewage discharge, but the sewage treatment capacity of these small and medium-sized cities (towns) is significantly lower than the national average.

According to statistics, 427 urban sewage treatment plants have been constructed nationwide, including 282 secondary treatment plants. The construction of these sewage treatment plants has greatly improved the treatment level of urban sewage, but the increase in treatment volume still lags far behind the growth of sewage discharge, and the gap between the two has a tendency to further widen. Even according to the data of 1998, the treatment rate of urban sewage in my country is only 15.8%, and Western developed countries such as the United States have reached 70% as early as 1980.

Analysis of current status and future development prospects of sewage treatment industry in 2020

In 2018, the discharge of rural sewage in the country was approximately 23 billion tons, which is still increasing, with a year-on-year increase of 7.5%. Rural sewage pollution has become the main manifestation of rural environmental pollution, which has a serious impact on the natural environment of water bodies and land in rural areas. In order to ensure the safety of rural water sources and the health of farmers, the treatment of rural sewage is urgent.

The National Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Improvement of Rural Environments proposes that by 2020, my country's rural sewage treatment rate will reach more than 30%, and the rural sewage treatment market will usher in historic development opportunities. In 2018, the rural sewage treatment industry generated an output value of 61.4 billion yuan, and it is expected that the output value will reach 140 billion yuan by 2024. The output value of rural sewage treatment in my country will reach 84.4 billion yuan in 2020, with a treatment rate of 30%; the output value in 2035 will reach 130.5 billion yuan, with a treatment rate of 58%.

China's water resources per capita is only a quarter of the global average, and it is a country with relatively scarce water resources per capita. In addition, my country's water resources are unevenly distributed, showing a situation of "abundance in the east, abundant in the west, and less in the south and north". As of the end of 2018, my country's total water resources were 276 billion cubic meters, and per capita water resources was 2004 cubic meters per person, which is only 1/4 of the world average.

More than 90% of my country's population lives on about 35% of the country's land area east of the Heihe-Tengchong Line. The uneven population distribution has exacerbated the regional differentiation of per capita water resources. At present, two-thirds of the cities in the country are in a state of water shortage, and 140 cities are in a state of severe water shortage. According to internationally recognized standards, 12 provinces and districts in China have per capita water resources below the severe water shortage line, and 8 provinces and districts (Tianjin, Ningxia, Beijing, Shandong, Shanghai, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi) have per capita water resources Below 500 cubic meters, it is an extremely water-scarce area. China has a monsoon climate with uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources, and large differences in natural environment between north and south. Among them, per capita water resources in North China are less than 500 cubic meters.

At present, there are a large number of enterprises in the industrial wastewater treatment industry, but most of the enterprises are relatively small, with CR10 (top 10 shares) below 10%. With the development of the industry in the future, the industry concentration is expected to increase.

In recent years, the number and treatment capacity of urban sewage treatment plants in China have grown rapidly. As of 2017, China has built a total of 4,119 urban sewage treatment plants with a sewage treatment capacity of 182 million tons per day. It is expected that by 2020, China's urban sewage treatment capacity will reach 205 million tons per day.

At present, there are still more than 70% of the established towns, more than 90% of the townships, and 80% of the administrative villages in China have not yet processed domestic sewage. There is huge room for improvement, but the annual compound growth rate of rural sewage treatment capacity is about 8%. Slower.

China's sewage treatment targets

Assuming that the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" target is completed in 2020, 2021-2025 will increase by 3.3%-2.9% year-on-year respectively, and the processing capacity will reach 220 million tons/day in 2025, that is, the "14th Five-Year Plan" will add 31.2 million tons/day. Sewage treatment capacity is greater than the target of an increase of 28.56 million tons per day in the "13th Five-Year Plan"; the ratio of sewage treatment capacity in 2025 is 220 million tons per day, which is only 69.5% of the water supply capacity in 2025 (considering the scale of sewage planning and design It is about water supply scale/daily coefficient of change*0.9, the daily coefficient of change is generally 1.2-1.3, the proportion of sewage planning is about 69.2%-75%, so the expected value of sewage treatment capacity in 2025 is more reasonable), the ratio is too low, still has Certain room for improvement. Based on the assumption of the ratio between the length of the lift and the water supply network, the newly added length in the “Fourteenth Five-Year Plan” period reached 230 thousand kilometers, an increase of 5.8% from the 217,000 kilometers in the “Thirteenth Five-year Plan”; And it is consistent with the current shortage of sewage pipe network construction.